V-type internal-combustion engine



S. S. GUY.

V-TYPE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. II, I920- Patented Nov. 15, 1921.

ww mm @n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

V-TYPE INTERI VAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 15,1921.

Application filed February 11. 1920. Serial 110.857,!)52.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, SYDNEY SLATER GUY, subject of the King of Great Britain. residing at VVestacre, Compton, near Wolverhampton, in the county of Stafford, En land, have invented certain new and usefu Improvements in V-Type Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to certain improvements in V-type internal combustion.

engines in. which the cylinders are arranged at an an 1e on opposite sides of the crank shaft. ore particularly the invention relates to the type of such engine in which the valves are so arranged as to leave the cylinder heads quite clear so that where the said heads are made detachable they may be readily removed to expose the valves and other internal parts without disturbing the valve mechanism.

The object of the present invention is to improve the efiiciency of this type of engine more especially with regard to the valve operating mechanism.

According to this invention an engine of the type referred to is characterized by valve operating mechanism in which the valves are actuated indirectly from a cam shaft or shafts by means of rockers or levers conveniently arranged within the angle formed by the opposing series of cylinders and capihle of being inclosed within a detachable dust proof and oiltight casing.

The invention also comprehends certain other features which are hereinafter de scribed.

The accompanying drawing represents in transverse section the upper part or cylinder portion of an internal combustion engine embodying the features of the present in vention.

The engine as will be seen is of the type in which both the inlet valves 2 and the exhaust valves 3 are arranged on the inside of the cylinder castings 4, 4 with their axis making an acute angle a with the axes of their respective cylinders. This arrangement of the valves as is known while providing the advantages peculiar to overhead valves leaves the cylinder heads quite free so that where, as shown, these heads 5 are made detachable they may be arranged in a plane at such an angle to the axes of their cylinders that when removed the valves may be withdrawn through the top of the cylinder without involving any disturbance of the valve operating mechanism other than the removal of the cotters 6 which secure the valve spring caps 7 in position on the valve stems 8. In the arrangement shownthe pistons 9 also can be readily withdrawn from their cylinders in the same way, when disconnected from the crank shaft. At the same time the combustion chambers are fully exposed for cleaning and the valve seats particularly accessible and conveniently arranged for grinding.

In order to compensate for any undue enlargement of the combustion chambers 0ccasioned by the obliquity of the cylinder heads 5 the latter are preferably formed with internally projecting portions 10 which together with the heads themselves are cored t form water chambers 11 for cooling purposes.

Bosses 12 are formed in the cylinder heads for the reception of the sparking plugs and compression cocks said bosses being surrounded by the cored water chambers 11 and consequently adequately cooled thereby.

Commumcation between the cylinder water jackets 13 and the water chambers 11 in the detachable heads 5 is preferably effected by means of outside connections 14 in some of which the joints 15 are arranged in a plane containing the joint between the cylinder head and cylinder and in every case are made watertight by means of suitable detachable jointing, such as the V-section rings 16' of india rubber which are clamped between the adjacent ends of the divided connections. By means of this construction of water connection there is no danger of the cooling water finding its way into the cylinders as the result of a broken or leaky joint.

The valves 2, 3 according to this inven tion are arranged with their stems 8 passing between the inlet and exhaust manifolds 2*, 3" respectively the latter being arranged immediately below the top Water outlet pipes 30. The said valves 2', 2 are operated by rockers 17 mounted upon a horizontal rocker shaft 18 arranged centrally between the two sets of cylinders and above and parallel with a cam shaft 19 which is mounted in hearings in the upper part of the crank case 20 and driven by chain or other suitable gearing (not shown) from the crank shaft.

The lower ends 21 of the valve rockers bear upon their respective cam profiles 22 on the cam shaft and may be either shaped as shown or furnished with anti-friction rollers. The upper ends of the rockers carry adjustable screws or tappets 23 which abut directly against the free ends of the valve stems 8 so that the valves are in this way relieved of all side thrust.

The Whole of the valve operating mecha nism is preferably inclosed by means of end walls 24 and a removable plate'or cover 25 which may be made in one or more pieces and bridges the space between the two sets of cylinders, being suitably fastened down on ledges 26 formed therefor on the inside of each cylinder block. The end walls 24: may be formed in halves cast integrally with the cylinder units and provided externally with lugs 27 whereby they are bolted together at the same time as the cylinders are bolted to the crank case.

The cover plate or plates is or are provided with one or more gauze covered orifices 28 which serve as crank case breathers, the oil mist in the crank case passing into the inclosed space containing the valve op-- crating mechanism by way of the slots 29 in which the rockers work or by way of openings formed in the top of the crank case for the purpose. In this Way the rocker shaft bearings and valve stems and guides are maintained automatically in an adequate state of lubrication.

Alternatively a central self-contained detachable casing may be employed having slots through which the upper ends of the rockers protrude.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In an internal combustion engine a crank case, valve rockers pivoted centrally thereon, a cam shaft for operating said rockers, two oppositely and outwardly inclined series of water jacketed cylinders mounted on said crank case and having integrally formed inlet and, exhaust manifolds, valves in said cylinders arranged at an angle to the axes thereof and having their stems passing inwardly between said inlet and exhaust manifolds and adapted for operation' by said rockers, hollow water cooled detachable cylinder heads mounted obliquely at the outside of said cylinders, a wateroutlet ipe at the top of each series of said cylin ers, outside water connections between the cylinder jackets and detachable heads and between the latter and the water outlet pipes, said connections being divided, and means for elastically connecting the divided ends of said connections.

2. In an internal combustion engine a crank case, two oppositely and outwardly inclined series of cylinders mounted one on each side of said crank case, end plates and a removable cover plate entirely inclosing the space between said opposite series of cylinders, openings in said crank case communicating with said inclosed space, breather orifices in said cover plate, valve operating mechanism inclosed within said space, pistons in said cylinders, detachable cylinder heads arranged obliquely at the outside of said cylinders centrally over said pistons, valve seats in said cylinders facing said detachable heads, and valves in sa1d valve seats opening outwardly and having their stems projecting into said inclosed space.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a crank case provided with bearings along the center of its upper part, two outwardly and oppositely inclined series of cylinders mounted one at each side of said crank case with integral inlet and exhaust manifolds cast on the inside portions thereof and having oblique seatings on the outside, plstons in said cylinders, detachable cylinder heads mounted on said oblique seatings centrally over said pistons, valve seats in said cylinders facing said heads, puppet valves in said valve seats having their stems passing inwardly between said inlet and exhaust manifolds into the space between said two series of cylinders, valve mechanism entirel in- "closed within said space and comprising a cam shaft mounted in the hearings in said crank case, a shaft supported by and above the crank case parallel with said cam-shaft,

rocking levers on said shaft adapted for o eration by said cam shaft to actuate sa1d valves, and means for establishing communication between the interior of said crank case and the outside atmosphere by way of said inclosed space.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SYDNEY SLATER GUY. Witnesses:

J osnrn THoMAs HUGHES, LEONARD WILLIAMS. 

